Liquid-fuel burner.



No. 724,253. PATENTED MAR. a1, 1903.

- J.G.]43-RANGH.

LIQUID FUEL BURNER.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 1, 1902.

H0 MODEL. 3 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

No.724,253. PATENTED MAR. 31, 1903.

J. GIBRANGH.

LIQUID FUEL BURNER.

APPLICATION FILED APB. 1,1902;

N0 MODEL. 2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE:

JOSEPH G. BRANCH, OF ST. LOUIS, MISSOURI.

LIQUID-FUEL BURNER.

SPECIFICATION formin part of Letters Patent No. 724,253, dated March 31,1902. Application filed April 1, 1902. Serial No. 100,984. (No model.)

Burners, of which the following is a specifi-- cation. I

This invention relates to liquid-fuel burners, and particularly to thatclass ofsuch burners which are adapted to burn crude oil; and it has forits object to provide a burner of the type referredto by means of whichthe oil will be quickly and thoroughly atomized within the burner andthe heavy residuums, which in burners of this class are practicallyunconsumed, will be deposited outside of the burner, whereby they may bereadily removed.

To this end my invention consists in the features and in theconstruction, combination, and arrangement of parts, hereinafterdescribed, and particularly pointed out in the claims following thedescription,reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming apart of this specification, wherein- Figure 1 is a vertical sectionalview of a portion of a stove, showing my improved burner fitted thereto.Fig. 2 is a vertical sectional view of the burner. Fig. 3 is ahorizontal sectional view taken on the line 3 3 of Fig. 2. Fig.4 is atop plan view of the scraper, and Fig. 5 is a side view thereof.

Referring to the drawings, the numeral 1 indicates a closed pan orheating-chamber, comprising a fiat circular bottom 2, having an annularvertical flange or wall 3 and aings in the cover 4, whereby air mayfreely circulate through the pan or heater. The boss 5 is providedcentrally on its upper side with a reduced and threaded nipple orextension 7, formingashoulder or seat 8 on the npperside of the boss 5for the purpose hereinterior of the shell or casing 9. Formed in theupper portion of the neck 10 is a seat or socket 12. 7

The numeral 13 indicates a core which is of the shape of an invertedcone and is of less dimensions than the internal dimensions of the shellor casing 9. Said core is preferably cast from a solid piece of metaland is provided at its lower end with a depending cylindrical portion14, which is seated in the socket 12, formed in the neck 10 of the shellor casing. The outer surface of the core 13 is-separated from andconcentric with the inner surface of the shell 9, and said core hasformed on its conical side a plurality of ribs 15, which operate asdistance-lugs to hold the core properly centeredin the casing. Anoilpipe 16 is screwed into the lower end of a tubular passage 17, formedin the boss 5 and its extension 7, and asimilar pipe 18 is screwed inthe lower end of the core 13 and communicates with a pipe 19 of lessdiameter, which is fitted centrally in the core 13 and preferablyprojects at its upper end slightly above the upper end of said core. Theupper end of the core 13 is made slightly convex, as shown,

in order that oil may not collect on top of said core. The upper edge ofthe casing 9 is provided with a laterally-extending flange 20, to whichis bolted a fiat metallic cover 21, and said cover is provided on itsunder side with a plurality of lugs 22, Which radiate outwardly from thecenterof said cover and are for the purpose of preventing the gas frompressing the top of the core up against the bottom of the cover. Thelower portion of the nipple 7 is smooth or unthreaded, and rotatablyarranged around such smooth portion and between the shoulder 8 andthebottom of the neck 10 of the shell or casing is a scraper consistingof a flat plate 23, provided with a plurality of radially-projectingarms 24., each of which latter is provided at its IOO 6o communicate attheir upper ends with the outer end with a perforation 25, adapted to beengaged by a poker or similar implement to rotate the scraper about thenipple 7. The plate 23 is provided with a plurality of segment-shapedopenings 26, that register with the openings 11, formed in the neck ofthe casing 9, and screwed into said plate be tween the ports or openings26 are vertically and upwardly extending pins orscraper-arms 27, thatextend into the passages 11 and when said scraper is oscillated operateto scrape oi the deposit from the walls of said passages. Proj ectinglaterally from the outer edge of the plate 23 is a plurality ofperforated ears or lugs 28, in which are fitted vertical pins 29, whichproject both above and below said plate, and when the latter isoscillated operate to scrape off the residuum that oozes between thelower edge of the neck 10 of the casing and the upper face of'theshoulder 8 of the boss. The cover 21 of the casing 9 is provided at itsouter edge with a pin ralityof radially-extending perforated ears orlugs 30, which are adapted to be engaged by a poker or similarinstrument to rotate the casing, so as to adjust the latter verticallyabout the threaded nipple 7, on which the casing is supported. The pan 1is provided with a plurality of perforated lugs 31, preferably four innumber, through which are adapted to be inserted rods, (not shown,) saidrods in practice being passed through the wall of the stove orcombustion-chamber and secured in place by nuts, so as to support thepan rigidly in place. Attached to the under side of the pan is a disk ordiaphragm 32, preferably of galvanized iron, said disk in practiceextending from the outer edge of the pan to the stove-casing or theinterior of the combustion chamber, whereby all the air that is fed tothe burner is compelled to pass up through the tubes 6, which extendthrough the pan or heater.

The operation of myimproved burner is as follows: Oil is fed by anysuitable means through the pipe 16 to the burner and passes up centrallythrough the latter by means of the passage 17 and pipes 18 and 19 andflows through the top of the latter onto the convex upper surface of thecore 13, thence flows down over the latter and between the inclinedsides of said core and the casing 9 until it reaches the bottom of saidcasing. It thence flows through the vertical apertures 11, formed in theneck 10 of the casing, and a portion of it escapes between the upperside of the plate 23 and the lower edge of the neck 10, and the otherportion flows down through the apertures 26 in said plate and escapesbetween the under side of the plate and the upper side of the shoulder 8of the boss 5. As the oil escapes at the points mentioned it is ignitedand the flames impinge against the under-inclined sides of the shell orcasing 9 and quickly heat the latter to a high temperature. After theshell or casing has been heated to a high temperature the oil in itspassage through the burner, as above described, becomes thoroughlyatomized and escapes from the burner in the form ofa gas or vapor whichburns with a blue flame. All the air that is admitted to thecombustion-chamber to support combustion is compelled to pass throughthe tubes 6, and inasmuch as the pan or heater 1 is highly heated by theburning vapor the air in its passage through the tubes 6 also becomeshighly heated, thus promoting the combustion of the gas or vapor. Asbefore stated, the oil in its passage through the burner and before itsescape from the latter is thoroughly atomized, and but very little ofthe residuum will be precipitated or deposited until it escapes from theburner. As the atomized oil escapes from the burner and is consumed, theheavy uncombustible residuums will drop onto the heated cover 4: of thepan and will there be charred, so that from time to time such charreddeposits may be easily and conveniently scraped off. From time to timethe scraper may be oscillated about the nipple 7, thus causing thescraper-pins 27 to oscillate back and forth in the segment-shaped portsor passages 11 and scrape off any residuum that may be collected on theinterior of said ports or passages, and in the same manner the upper andlower surfaces of the plate 23 will operate to scrape 01f any residuumthat may be deposited on said surfaces and between the latter and thebottom of the neck 10 and the upper side of the shoulder S. The oilflowing through the burner will operate to force out the deposits thusscraped off from the said surfaces, and the pins 29 will operate toscrape the same from around the joint formed between the shoulder 8,scraper 23, and lower edge of the neck 10, and cause it to drop downonto the covet-4 of the pan, from which it may be easily removed in themanner before described. By means of a poker or similar implement thecasing 9 may be turned, as before stated, and inasmuch as the neck ofsaid casing is threaded on the threaded nipple 7 said casing will beraised and lowered, according to the direction in which it may beturned, thus regulating the distance between the lower edge of the neck10 and the scraper 23, whereby the passage of the fuel from the burnerto its point of ignition can be regulated.

The important feature of my invention resides in the fact that the oilis thoroughly atomized in the burner before its escape from the latter,so that nearly all the residuum collects on an exposed surface outsidethe burner, from which it may be readily removed, and another importantfeature consists in providing the scraper, by means of which the smallportion of the residuum which collects in the bottom of the burner maybe scraped off and removed without cletaching or separating any portionof the burner.

' Having described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is-

In a liquid-fuel burner, the combination with a closed hollow pan havinga seat on its upper side provided with an upwardly-extending threadednipple, of an atomizingchamber provided at its lower threaded end withoutlet ports or discharges and vertically adjustable on said nippletoward and from said seat, an oil-feed pipe arranged centrally withinthe atomizing-chamber and forming a continuation of the nipple forsupplying oil to the vaporizing-chamber, and a pipe for feeding oil tothe nipple, substantially as described.

2. In a liquid-fuel burner, the combination with a closed hollow panhaving a seat on its upper side provided with an upwardly-extendingnipple, of an atomizing-chamber provided at its lower end with outletports or passages and vertically adjustable on said nipple toward andfrom said seat, an oil-feed pipe for supplying oil to thevaporizing-chamber, and a scraper movably arranged between the seat andthe lower apertured end of the atomizing chamber, substantially asdescribed.

3. In a liquid-fuel burner, the combination with a closed hollow panhaving a seat on its upper side provided with an upwardly-extendingthreaded nipple, of an atomizingchamber screwed at its lower end ontosaid nipple and provided with outlet-ports in its bottom, an oil-feedpipe for supplying oil to the atomizing-chamber, and means whereby thelatter may be turned to adjust its lower end toward and from the saidseat, substantially as described.

4. In a liquid-fuel burner, the combination with a closed hollow panhaving a seat on its upper side provided with an upwardly-extendingthreaded nipple, of an atomizingchamber screwed at its lower end ontosaid nipple and provided with outlet-ports in its bottom, a scraperrotatably arranged about said nipple and between. the bottom of theatomizing-chamber and said seat, and an oilfeed pipe for supplying oilto the atomizingchamber, substantially as described.

5. In aliquid-fuel burner, the combination with a closed pan having afiat top andprovided with open-ended air-tubes extending verticallythrough the pan, of a seat extending upwardly through the pan and abovethe cover thereof and provided with a reduced and threaded nipple, of anatomizing-cha-mber screwed on the nipple and adjustable on the lattertoward and from said seat, said atomizing-chamber being provided at itsbottom above the seat with outlet-ports, means for turning saidatomizing-chamber to adjust it toward and from the seat, and an oil-feedpipe for supplying oil to the atomizing-chamber, substantially asdescribed.

6. In a liquid-fuel burner, the combination with a closed pan having aflat top and pro Vided with open-ended air-tubes extending verticallythrough the pan, the edges of the pan extending above the edges of thecover, of a seat extending centrally upward from the cover and providedwith a reduced and threaded nipple, an atomizing chamber screwed at itslower end on the nipple and adjustable thereon toward and from the seat,said atomizing-chamber being provided with outlet-ports in its bottom,and an oil-feed pipe for supplying oil to the atomizing-chamber,substantially as described.

7. In a liquid-fuel burner, the combination with a closed hollow panhaving a seat'on its upper side provided with an upwardly-extendingnipple, of an outer casing inclosing said pan, open-ended air-tubesextending vertically through said pan, an imperforate partition attachedto and extending laterally around the pan to the inclosing casing, anatomizing-ohamber supported at its lower end on the nipple andadjustable thereontoward and from said seat, and, an oil-feed pipe forsupplying oil to the atomizing-chamber, sub' stantially as described.

8. In a liquid-fuel burner, the combination with a closed hollow panhaving a seat on its upper side, of an atomizing-chamber supported atits lower end aboveand adj ustable toward and from said seat, saidatomizingchamber having segment-shaped outlet-ports in its bottom, arotatable scraper arranged between said seat and the bottom of thechamber and provided with upwardly-projecting scraper-arms movablyfitted in the outletports, and an oil-feed pipe for supplying oil to theatomizing-chamber, substantially as described.

9. In a liquid-fuel burner, the combination with a closed hollow'panhaving a circular seat on its upper side,'of an atomizing-chambersupported at its lower cylindrical end above and adjustable toward andfrom said seat, said atomizing-chamber having outletports in its bottom,a scraper rotatably arranged between the seat and the bottom of theatomizing-chamber, and scraper-arms carried by said scraper and arrangedto scrape the adjacent cylindrical edge portions of said seat and thelower end of the atomizing-cham ber, substantially as described.

' 10. In a liquid-fuel burner, the combination with a closed hollow panhaving a circular seat on its upper side, of an atomizing-chambersupported at its lower cylindrical end above and adjustable toward andfrom said seat, said atomizing-chamber having outletports in its bottom,a scraper rotatably arranged between the seat and the bottom of theatomizing-chamber, pins carried by the scraper and projecting verticallyabove and below the same, said pins being-arranged to scrape theadjacent cylindrical edge portions of the seat and the lower end of theatomizing-- chamber, substantially as described' 11. In a liquid-fuelburner, the combination with a closed hollow pan having a circular seaton its upper side, of an atomizing-chamber supported at its lower endabove and adjustable toward and from said seat, said atomizing-chamberhaving outlet-ports in its bottom, a scraper rotatably arranged betweenthe seat and the bottom of the atomizing-chamher, said scrapercomprising a flat plate provided with a radially-projecting arm'forrotating it, substantially as described.

12. Inaliquid-fuelburner,thecombination with a closed hollow pan havinga circular seat on its upper side, of an atomizing-chamber supported atits lower end above and adjustable toward and from said seat, saidatomizing-chamber being provided in its bottom with outlet-ports, and ascraper rotatably arranged between the seat and the bottom of theatomizing-chamber, said scraper comprising a fiat plate provided with aradially-projecting arm having an aperture in its outer end,substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in presence of twosubscribing witnesses.

JOSEPH G. BRANCH.

Witnesses:

ROYDEN K. PRETTY, PAUL WILKINSON.

